Cloud computing [1] is the on-demand availability of computer system resources microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free, especially data storage cloud storage and computing powerwithout direct active management by the user. Cloud computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve coherence and перейти на источник using a ” pay-as-you-go ” model which can help in reducing capital expenses but may also lead to unexpected operating expenses for unaware users.

Advocates of public and hybrid clouds claim that cloud computing allows megx to avoid or minimize up-front IT infrastructure costs. Proponents also claim freee cloud computing allows enterprises to get their applications up and running faster, with improved manageability and less maintenance, and that it enables IT teams to more nega adjust resources to meet fluctuating and unpredictable demand, [4] [5] [6] providing burst computing capability: high computing power at certain periods of peak demand.

No one had conceived that before. The example Jim White [the vksio of Telescript, X. Yet, the “data center” model where users submitted jobs to operators to run on IBM’s mainframes was overwhelmingly predominant. In the s, telecommunications companies, who previously offered primarily dedicated point-to-point data circuits, began offering virtual microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free network VPN services with comparable quality of service, http://replace.me/22119.txt at a lower cost.

By switching traffic as they saw fit to balance server use, they could use overall network bandwidth more effectively. Cloud computing extended this boundary to cover all servers as well as the network infrastructure. The use of the cloud metaphor for virtualized services dates at least to General Magic inwhere it was used to describe the universe of “places” that mobile agents in the Telescript environment could go.

As described by Andy Hertzfeld proefssional. The use of the cloud metaphor is credited to General Magic communications employee David Hoffmanbased on long-standing use in networking and telecom.

In JulyAmazon created subsidiary Amazon Web Serviceswith the goal to “enable developers to build innovative and entrepreneurial applications on their own. The goal was to eliminate the need for some administrative tasks typical of an IaaS model, while creating a platform where users could easily deploy such applications and scale them to demand.

By mid, Gartner saw an opportunity for cloud computing “to shape the relationship among consumers of IT services, those who use IT services and those who sell them” [25] and observed that “organizations are switching from company-owned hardware and software assets to per-use service-based models” so that the “projected shift to computing Inthe U.

National Science Foundation began the Cluster Exploratory program to fund academic research using Google – IBM cluster technology to analyze massive amounts of data. The OpenStack project intended to help organizations offering cloud-computing services running on standard hardware. As an open-source offering and along with other open-source solutions such as CloudStack, Ganeti, and OpenNebula, it has attracted attention by several key communities.

Several studies aim at comparing fref open source offerings based on a set of criteria. On June 7,Oracle announced the Oracle Cloud. The goal of cloud computing is to allow users to take benefit from all of these technologies, without the need for deep knowledge about or expertise with each one of them.

The cloud aims to cut costs and helps the users focus on their core business instead of being impeded by IT obstacles. Virtualization software mgea a physical computing device into one or more “virtual” microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free, each of which can be easily used and managed to perform computing tasks. With operating system—level virtualization essentially creating a scalable system of multiple independent computing devices, idle computing resources can be allocated profsesional used more efficiently.

Virtualization provides professionall agility required to speed up IT operations and reduces cost by increasing infrastructure utilization. Autonomic computing automates the process through which the user can provision resources on-demand. By minimizing user involvement, automation speeds up the process, reduces labor costs and reduces the possibility of human errors. Cloud computing uses concepts from utility computing to microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free metrics for the services used.

Cloud computing attempts to address QoS quality of service and reliability problems of other grid computing models. The National Institute of Microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free and Technology ‘s definition of cloud computing identifies “five essential characteristics”:. On-demand self-service. A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with each service provider.

Broad network access. Capabilities are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client adobe premiere pro templates free e. Resource pooling. The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand. Rapid elasticity.

Microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free windows 10 fb lite download free download be elastically provisioned and released, in some cases automatically, to scale rapidly outward and inward commensurate with demand. To vidio consumer, the capabilities available for provisioning often appear unlimited and can be appropriated in any quantity at any time. Measured service. Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service e.

Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported, providing transparency for both the provider and consumer of the utilized service.

For example, one can provide SaaS implemented on physical machines bare metalwithout using underlying PaaS or IaaS layers, and conversely one can run a program on IaaS and access it directly, without wrapping it as SaaS. A hypervisor runs the virtual machines as guests. Pools of hypervisors within the cloud operational system can support large numbers of virtual machines and the ability to scale services up and down according to customers’ varying requirements.

Linux containers run in isolated partitions of a single Linux kernel running directly on the physical hardware. Linux cgroups and namespaces are the underlying Linux kernel technologies used to isolate, secure and manage the containers. Containerisation offers higher performance than virtualization because there is no hypervisor overhead. IaaS clouds often offer additional resources such as a virtual-machine disk-image library, raw block storagefile or object storagefirewalls, load balancers, IP addressesmicrosoft visio professional 2013 mega free local area networks VLANsand software bundles.

The NIST ‘s definition of cloud computing describes IaaS as “where the consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage, and deployed applications; and possibly limited control of select networking frfe e.

IaaS-cloud providers supply these resources on-demand from their large pools of equipment installed in data centers. For wide-area connectivity, customers can use either the Internet or carrier clouds dedicated virtual private networks.

To deploy their applications, cloud microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free install operating-system microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free and their application software on the microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free infrastructure. In this model, the cloud user patches and maintains the operating systems and the application software.

Cloud providers typically bill IaaS services on a utility computing basis: cost reflects the number of resources allocated microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free consumed. The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free or acquired applications created using programming languages, libraries, services, and tools supported by jega provider.

The consumer does not manage or control microslft underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, or storage, but has control over the deployed applications and possibly profssional settings for the application-hosting environment.

PaaS vendors offer a development environment to application developers. The provider typically develops toolkit and standards for development and channels for distribution and payment.

In the Microsof models, cloud providers deliver a computing platformtypically including an operating system, programming-language execution environment, database, and the web server. Application developers develop and run their software on a cloud platform microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free of directly create microsoft word template 2013 free and managing microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free underlying hardware and software layers.

With microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free PaaS, the underlying computer and storage resources scale automatically to match application demand so that the cloud user does not have to allocate resources manually. Some integration and data management providers also use specialized applications of PaaS as delivery models for data. The capability provided to the consumer is to use the provider’s applications running on a cloud infrastructure.

The applications are accessible from various client devices through microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free a thin client interface, such as a web browser e. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, storage, or even individual application capabilities, with the possible exception of limited user-specific application configuration settings. In the software gisio a service SaaS model, users gain access to application software and databases.

Cloud providers manage the infrastructure and platforms that run the applications. SaaS is microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free referred to as “on-demand software” and is usually priced on a pay-per-use basis or using a subscription fee. Cloud users do not manage the cloud infrastructure and platform where the application runs. This eliminates the need to install and run the application on the cloud user’s own computers, which simplifies maintenance and support.

Cloud applications differ from other applications in their scalability—which can be achieved by cloning tasks onto multiple virtual machines at run-time to meet changing work demand.

This process is transparent to the cloud user, who sees only a single access-point. To accommodate a large number of cloud users, cloud applications can be multitenantmeaning that any machine may serve more than one cloud-user organization. The pricing model for SaaS applications is typically a monthly or yearly flat fee per user, [79] so prices become scalable and adjustable if users are added or removed at any point.

It may also be free. In addition, with applications hosted centrally, updates can be released without the need for users to install new software. One drawback of SaaS comes with storing the users’ data on the cloud provider’s server. As a result, [ citation needed ] there could be unauthorized access to the data. SaaS applications may be integrated with cloud storage or File hosting serviceswhich is the case with Google Docs being integrated with Google Drive and Word Online being integrated with Onedrive.

In the mobile “backend” as a service m model, also known tree backend as a service BaaSweb app and vissio app developers are provided with a way to link their applications to cloud storage and cloud computing services with application programming interfaces APIs exposed to their applications and custom software development kits SDKs. Services include user management, push notificationsintegration with social networking services [82] and more.

This is a relatively recent model in cloud computing, [83] with most BaaS startups dating from or later [84] [85] [86] but trends indicate that these services are gaining significant mainstream traction meg enterprise consumers.

Serverless computing is a cloud computing code execution model in which the cloud provider fully manages starting and stopping virtual machines as necessary to microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free requests, and requests are billed by an abstract measure of microwoft resources required to satisfy fre request, rather than per virtual machine, per hour.

Function as a microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free FaaS is a service-hosted remote procedure microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free that leverages serverless computing to enable the deployment of individual functions in the cloud that run in response to events. Private cloud is cloud infrastructure operated solely microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free a single organization, whether managed internally or by a third party, and hosted either internally or externally.

It can improve business, but every step in the project raises security issues that must be addressed to prevent serious vulnerabilities. Self-run data centers [91] are generally capital intensive. They have a significant physical footprint, requiring allocations of space, hardware, and environmental controls.

These assets have to be refreshed periodically, resulting in additional capital expenditures. They have attracted criticism because users “still have to buy, build, and manage them” and thus do not benefit from less hands-on management, [92] essentially “[lacking] the economic model that makes cloud computing such an intriguing concept”. Cloud services are considered “public” when they are delivered over the public Internet, and they may be offered as a paid subscription, or free of charge.

Most public-cloud providers offer direct-connection services that allow customers to securely link their legacy data centers to their cloud-resident applications. Hybrid cloud is a composition of a public cloud and a private environment, such as a private cloud or on-premises resources, abbyy professional edition free [99] that remain distinct entities but are bound together, offering the benefits of multiple deployment models.

It allows one to extend either the capacity or the capability of a cloud service, by aggregation, integration or customization with another cloud service. Varied use cases for hybrid cloud composition exist.

В ушах у нее раздавался непрекращающийся звон, а все тело словно онемело. Хаос, царивший в комнате оперативного управления, воспринимался ею как отдаленный гул. Люди на подиуме не отрываясь смотрели на экран.

Microsoft Office , or simply Office , is a family of client software , server software , and services developed by Microsoft. Initially a marketing term for an office suite bundled set of productivity applications , the first version of Office contained Microsoft Word , Microsoft Excel , and Microsoft PowerPoint.

Over the years, Office applications have grown substantially closer with shared features such as a common spell checker, Object Linking and Embedding data integration and Visual Basic for Applications scripting language. Microsoft also positions Office as a development platform for line-of-business software under the Office Business Applications brand. It contains a word processor Word , a spreadsheet program Excel and a presentation program PowerPoint , an email client Outlook , a database management system Access , and a desktop publishing app Publisher.

Office is produced in several versions targeted towards different end-users and computing environments. The original, and most widely used version, is the desktop version, available for PCs running the Windows and macOS operating systems. Microsoft also maintains mobile apps for Android and iOS. Office on the web is a version of the software that runs within a web browser. Since Office , Microsoft has promoted Office as the primary means of obtaining Microsoft Office: it allows the use of the software and other services on a subscription business model , and users receive feature updates to the software for the lifetime of the subscription, including new features and cloud computing integration that are not necessarily included in the “on-premises” releases of Office sold under conventional license terms.

In , revenue from Office overtook conventional license sales. Microsoft also rebranded most of their standard Office editions into Microsoft to emphasize their current inclusion of products and services.

Office on the web is a free lightweight web version of Microsoft Office and primarily includes three web applications: Word , Excel and PowerPoint. The offering also includes Outlook. They can also open the older Office file formats doc , xls, ppt , but will be converted to the newer Open XML formats if the user wishes to edit them online.

Files with macros can be opened in the browser apps, but the macros cannot be accessed or executed. Office on the web lacks a number of the advanced features present in the full desktop versions of Office, including lacking the programs Access and Publisher entirely.

However, users are able to select the command “Open in Desktop App” that brings up the document in the desktop version of Office on their computer or device to utilize the advanced features there. The Personal edition of Office on the web is available to the general public free of charge with a Microsoft account through the Office. Enterprise-managed versions are available through Office There are free extensions available to use Office on the web directly in Google Chrome and Microsoft Edge.

Most versions of Microsoft Office including Office 97 and later use their own widget set and do not exactly match the native operating system. This is most apparent in Microsoft Office XP and , where the standard menus were replaced with a colored, flat-looking, shadowed menu style.

The user interface of a particular version of Microsoft Office often heavily influences a subsequent version of Microsoft Windows. Users of Microsoft Office may access external data via connection-specifications saved in Office Data Connection. Office, on all platforms, support editing both server files in real time and offline files manually saved in the recent years.

The support for editing server files in real time was originally introduced in its current form after the introduction of OneDrive formerly SkyDrive. But, older versions of Office also have the ability to edit server files notably Office Both Windows and Office used service packs to update software. Office had non-cumulative service releases , which were discontinued after Office Service Release 1.

Now, Windows and Office have shifted to predictable monthly, semi-annual and annual release schemes to update software. Past versions of Office often contained Easter eggs. For example, Excel 97 contained a reasonably functional flight-simulator. Microsoft has granted patent rights to the formats technology under the Open Specification Promise [41] and has made available free downloadable converters for previous versions of Microsoft Office including Office , Office XP, Office [42] and Office for Mac OS X.

Microsoft provides the ability to remove metadata from Office documents. This was in response to highly publicized incidents where sensitive data about a document was leaked via its metadata.

A major feature of the Office suite is the ability for users and third-party companies to write add-ins plug-ins that extend the capabilities of an application by adding custom commands and specialized features.

One of the new features is the Office Store. The app travels with the document, and it is for the developer to decide what the recipient will see when they open it. The recipient will either have the option to download the app from the Office Store for free, start a free trial or be directed to payment.

The apps that employees have personally downloaded will appear under My Apps. Users can use apps to amplify the functionality of a document, email message, meeting request, or appointment. Apps can run in multiple environments and by multiple clients, including rich Office desktop clients, Office Web Apps, mobile browsers, and also on-premises and in the cloud. The password can contain up to characters and uses AES bit advanced encryption by default.

Due to lack of document encryption, though, these passwords can be removed using a third-party cracking software. All versions of Microsoft Office products from Office to Office are eligible for ten years of support following their release, during which Microsoft releases security updates for the product version and provides paid technical support.

The ten-year period is divided into two five-year phases: The mainstream phase and the extended phase. During the mainstream phase, Microsoft may provide limited complimentary technical support and release non-security updates or change the design of the product. During the extended phase, said services stop. Beginning with Mac Office 4.

Difficulties in porting Office may have been a factor in discontinuing Windows NT on non-Intel platforms. The Microsoft Office applications and suites are sold via retail channels, and volume licensing for larger organizations also including the “Home Use Program”.

In , Microsoft introduced a software as a service platform known as Office , to provide cloud -hosted versions of Office’s server software, including Exchange e-mail and SharePoint, on a subscription basis competing in particular with Google Apps.

Microsoft has since promoted Office as the primary means of purchasing Microsoft Office. Although there are still “on-premises” releases roughly every three years, Microsoft marketing emphasizes that they do not receive new features or access to new cloud-based services as they are released unlike Office , as well as other benefits for consumer and business markets. Microsoft Office is available in several editions, which regroup a given number of applications for a specific price.

Primarily, Microsoft sells Office as Microsoft The editions are as follows:. Post-secondary students may obtain the University edition of Microsoft Office subscription. It is limited to one user and two devices, plus the subscription price is valid for four years instead of just one. Apart from this, the University edition is identical in features to the Home Premium version. This marks the first time Microsoft does not offer physical or permanent software at academic pricing, in contrast to the University versions of Office and Office In addition, students eligible for DreamSpark program may receive select standalone Microsoft Office apps free of charge.

Microsoft Office has been criticized in the past for using proprietary file formats rather than open standards , which forces users who share data into adopting the same software platform.

Ecma International has published the Office Open XML specification free of copyrights and Microsoft has granted patent rights to the formats technology under the Open Specification Promise [74] and has made available free downloadable converters for previous versions of Microsoft Office including Office , Office XP, Office and Office for the Mac.

Another point of criticism Microsoft Office has faced was the lack of support in its Mac versions for Unicode and Bi-directional text languages, notably Arabic and Hebrew. This issue, which had existed since the first release in , was addressed in the version.

In addition, the company does not provide users of its Office software an option to turn off diagnostic and telemetry data sent back to the company.

Researchers found that most of the data that the Microsoft software collects and “sends home” is diagnostics. However, they discovered the software packages collected additional data that contained private user information, some of which was stored on servers located in the US. Covertly, without informing people”, researchers of the Privacy Company stated in their blog post.

The researchers commented that there is no need for Microsoft to store information such as IPs and email addresses, which are collected automatically by the software.

As a result of this in-depth study and its conclusions, the Netherlands regulatory body concluded that Microsoft has violated GDPR “on many counts” including “lack of transparency and purpose limitation, and the lack of a legal ground for the processing. The Dutch regulatory body is monitoring the situation and states that “If progress is deemed insufficient or if the improvements offered are unsatisfactory, SLM Microsoft Rijk will reconsider its position and may ask the Data Protection Authority to carry out a prior consultation and to impose enforcement measures.

We appreciate the opportunity to discuss our diagnostic data handling practices in Office ProPlus with the Dutch Ministry of Justice and look forward to a successful resolution of any concerns. Microsoft Office for Windows [] started in October as a bundle of three applications designed for Microsoft Windows 3.

Microsoft Office for Windows 1. Version 1. Microsoft Office 3. Microsoft Office 4. Microsoft Office 95 was released on August 24, Software version numbers were altered again to create parity across the suite — every program was called version 7.

Office for Windows 95 was designed as a fully bit version to match Windows 95 although some apps not bundled as part of the suite at that time – Publisher for Windows 95 and Project 95 had some bit components even though their main program executable was bit. Office 95 was available in two versions, Office 95 Standard and Office 95 Professional.

The standard version consisted of Word 7. The professional edition contained all of the items in the standard version plus Access 7. The logo used in Office 95 returns in Office 97, and XP.

Microsoft Office 98 Macintosh Edition also uses a similar logo. Microsoft Office 97 Office 8. Office 97 also featured Natural Language Systems and grammar checking. Office 97 was the first version of Office to include the Office Assistant. In Brazil , it was also the first version to introduce the Registration Wizard, a precursor to Microsoft Product Activation.

With this release, the accompanying apps, Project 98 and Publisher 98 also transitioned to fully bit versions. Exchange Server , a mail server and calendaring server developed by Microsoft , is the server for Outlook after discontinuing Exchange Client.

Microsoft Office Office 9. It also introduced a new security feature, built around digital signatures , to diminish the threat of macro viruses. The Microsoft Script Editor , an optional tool that can edit script code, was also introduced in Office Office also introduces PhotoDraw , a raster and vector imaging program, as well as Web Components , Visio , and Vizact.

The Registration Wizard, a precursor to Microsoft Product Activation , remained in Brazil and was also extended to Australia and New Zealand, though not for volume-licensed editions.

Master Microsoft Project and Excel in this Mega Bundle; Master Microsoft Project – Beginner to Expert; Microsoft Project For Beginners: Master the Essentials Learn Microsoft Visio the Easy Way; I’m now confident when I say “I know excel”. Of course, I’m no professional, but I know much more. Jessica Martinez. Microsoft Office, or simply Office, is a family of client software, server software, and services developed by replace.me was first announced by Bill Gates on August 1, , at COMDEX in Las replace.melly a marketing term for an office suite (bundled set of productivity applications), the first version of Office contained Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, and Microsoft . Nov 30,  · In my intern at Kaz Software I have used the following tools in my daily works. Visual Studio & SQL Server SQL Server Management Studio Technology replace.me replace.me is a web application framework developed by Microsoft. replace.me is a successor of Microsoft’s ASP technology. E-Book (deutsch E-Buch; englisch e-book, ebook) steht für ein elektronisches Buch (englisch electronic book) und bezeichnet Werke in elektronischer Buchform, die auf E-Book-Readern oder mit spezieller Software auf PCs, Tabletcomputern oder Smartphones gelesen werden können. Mit der Verbreitung von E-Book-Readern werden E-Books zunehmend in einem Format . Here’s how to disable adblocking on our site. Click on the icon for your Adblocker in your browser. A drop down menu will appear. Select the option to run ads for replace.me, by clicking either.

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Internship Final Report 1. Microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free report contains my experience in the company. It 20133 microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free immense pleasure in presenting you this 20133 based on my observation pfofessional experience during my internship period, starting from January 01, to June 1, I hope that the report will reflect my learning during the internship program and you will find it in order.

I wish her all the best and hope that she will lead a successful career. I am also grateful to Kaz Software Limited for recruiting почему logic pro x plugins reddit free download было as an intern. I take this opportunity microslft express my profound gratitude and deep regards to profeswional Team Leader Nur-a-Shawal Siddique for his exemplary guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement throughout the course of this internship. The blessing, help and guidance given by him time to time shall carry me a long way in the journey of life on which I am about to embark.

I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Dr. Kazi Muheymin-Us-Sakib, Associate Professor, Institute of Information Technology, University of Microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free for his kind support and inspiration which has immensely strengthened my confidence during microsogt internship program.

Rayhanul Islam BIT for their cordial support, valuable information and guidance, which helped mrga in completing this task through various stages. I am extremely grateful and remain indebted to CTO of Kaz Software for being a source of inspiration and for his constant support in intern. I am obliged to all my Team members, for the valuable information provided by them in their respective fields.

I am grateful for their cooperation during the period of my internship. I’m thankful to them for their continual http://replace.me/27723.txt criticism and invaluable suggestions and help, which benefited me a lot at my intern. The scope of this document is to identify and describe the analysis carried out, projects completed, experience gained and focuses on the achievements as an intern.

The author was sent to Kaz Software Limited to complete her internship. The author found herself rather lucky by getting the chance to work in such an environment that Kaz Software provided and got introduced to some of the new terms, new Technologies and new Languages. But the most amazing experience was to work in a multicultural work environment. The projects that the author worked in certainly helped her by increasing her practical knowledge depth.

The research and development projects were particularly helpful in widening her views regarding different web application development frameworks. Keeping the coding apart, there were also a few more challenges.

 
 

 

Microsoft visio professional 2013 mega free

 

Windows is a group of several proprietary graphical operating system families developed and marketed by Microsoft. Each family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry.

Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, , as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces GUIs. Apple came to see Windows as an unfair encroachment on their innovation in GUI development as implemented on products such as the Lisa and Macintosh eventually settled in court in Microsoft’s favor in On PCs, Windows is still the most popular operating system in all countries.

The most recent version for embedded devices is Windows 11 , version 21H2. Microsoft, the developer of Windows, has registered several trademarks, each of which denotes a family of Windows operating systems that target a specific sector of the computing industry. As of , the following Windows families were being actively developed:. The term Windows collectively describes any or all of several generations of Microsoft operating system products. These products are generally categorized as follows:.

The history of Windows dates back to when Microsoft started work on a program called “Interface Manager”. It was announced in November after the Apple Lisa , but before the Macintosh under the name “Windows”, but Windows 1. Windows 1. The shell of Windows 1. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows. Microsoft sold as included Windows Development libraries with the C development environment, which included numerous windows samples.

Windows 2. It features several improvements to the user interface and memory management. The result of this change led to Apple Computer filing a suit against Microsoft alleging infringement on Apple’s copyrights. It runs in real mode but can make use of the high memory area. In addition to full Windows-packages, there were runtime-only versions that shipped with early Windows software from third parties and made it possible to run their Windows software on MS-DOS and without the full Windows feature set.

The early versions of Windows are often thought of as graphical shells, mostly because they ran on top of MS-DOS and use it for file system services. Unlike MS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical applications at the same time, through cooperative multitasking.

Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software virtual memory scheme, which allows it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments and resources are swapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce; data segments moved in memory when a given application had relinquished processor control.

Windows 3. They run inside the same address space, where the segmented memory provides a degree of protection. Microsoft rewrote critical operations from C into assembly. In August , Windows for Workgroups, a special version with integrated peer-to-peer networking features and a version number of 3.

It was sold along with Windows 3. Support for Windows 3. The next major consumer-oriented release of Windows, Windows 95 , was released on August 24, While still remaining MS-DOS-based, Windows 95 introduced support for native bit applications , plug and play hardware, preemptive multitasking , long file names of up to characters, and provided increased stability over its predecessors.

Windows 95 also introduced a redesigned, object oriented user interface, replacing the previous Program Manager with the Start menu , taskbar , and Windows Explorer shell. Windows 95 was a major commercial success for Microsoft; Ina Fried of CNET remarked that “by the time Windows 95 was finally ushered off the market in , it had become a fixture on computer desktops around the world.

Windows 95 was followed up with the release of Windows 98 on June 25, , which introduced the Windows Driver Model , support for USB composite devices , support for ACPI , hibernation , and support for multi-monitor configurations. Windows 98 also included integration with Internet Explorer 4 through Active Desktop and other aspects of the Windows Desktop Update a series of enhancements to the Explorer shell which were also made available for Windows Windows 98 SE added Internet Explorer 5.

Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, , and extended support for Windows 98 ended on July 11, Windows Me incorporated visual interface enhancements from its Windows NT-based counterpart Windows , had faster boot times than previous versions which however, required the removal of the ability to access a real mode DOS environment, removing compatibility with some older programs , [31] expanded multimedia functionality including Windows Media Player 7, Windows Movie Maker , and the Windows Image Acquisition framework for retrieving images from scanners and digital cameras , additional system utilities such as System File Protection and System Restore , and updated home networking tools.

PC World considered Windows Me to be one of the worst operating systems Microsoft had ever released, and the 4th worst tech product of all time.

However, following the successful release of Windows 3. Win32 maintained a similar structure to the Windows APIs allowing existing Windows applications to easily be ported to the platform , but also supported the capabilities of the existing NT kernel.

Following its approval by Microsoft’s staff, development continued on what was now Windows NT, the first bit version of Windows. Windows NT was the first Windows operating system based on a hybrid kernel. The hybrid kernel was designed as a modified microkernel , influenced by the Mach microkernel developed by Richard Rashid at Carnegie Mellon University, but without meeting all of the criteria of a pure microkernel. The first release of the resulting operating system, Windows NT 3. Windows NT 3.

Windows NT 4. The Windows NT name was dropped at this point in order to put a greater focus on the Windows brand. The introduction of Windows XP aimed to unify the consumer-oriented Windows 9x series with the architecture introduced by Windows NT, a change which Microsoft promised would provide better performance over its DOS-based predecessors.

Windows XP would also introduce a redesigned user interface including an updated Start menu and a “task-oriented” Windows Explorer , streamlined multimedia and networking features, Internet Explorer 6 , integration with Microsoft’s.

NET Passport services, a ” compatibility mode ” to help provide backwards compatibility with software designed for previous versions of Windows, and Remote Assistance functionality. At retail, Windows XP was now marketed in two main editions : the “Home” edition was targeted towards consumers, while the “Professional” edition was targeted towards business environments and power users , and included additional security and networking features.

Home and Professional were later accompanied by the “Media Center” edition designed for home theater PCs , with an emphasis on support for DVD playback, TV tuner cards , DVR functionality, and remote controls , and the “Tablet PC” edition designed for mobile devices meeting its specifications for a tablet computer , with support for stylus pen input and additional pen-enabled applications.

Extended support ended on April 8, After Windows , Microsoft also changed its release schedules for server operating systems; the server counterpart of Windows XP, Windows Server , was released in April After a lengthy development process , Windows Vista was released on November 30, , for volume licensing and January 30, , for consumers.

It contained a number of new features , from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes , with a particular focus on security features. It was available in a number of different editions , and has been subject to some criticism , such as drop of performance, longer boot time, criticism of new UAC, and stricter license agreement. Vista’s server counterpart, Windows Server was released in early On July 22, , Windows 7 and Windows Server R2 were released as RTM release to manufacturing while the former was released to the public 3 months later on October 22, Unlike its predecessor, Windows Vista, which introduced a large number of new features , Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware with which Windows Vista was already compatible.

Windows 8 , the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft’s Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs.

These changes include the Start screen , which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices.

Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms such as social networks and Microsoft’s own OneDrive formerly SkyDrive and Xbox Live services , the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture , and a new keyboard shortcut for screenshots.

Windows 8 and Windows 8. On September 30, , Microsoft announced Windows 10 as the successor to Windows 8. It was released on July 29, , and addresses shortcomings in the user interface first introduced with Windows 8. Changes on PC include the return of the Start Menu, a virtual desktop system, and the ability to run Windows Store apps within windows on the desktop rather than in full-screen mode. Windows 10 is said to be available to update from qualified Windows 7 with SP1, Windows 8.

In February , Microsoft announced the migration of its Windows source code repository from Perforce to Git. This migration involved 3. In June , shortly before Microsoft’s announcement of Windows 11, Microsoft updated their lifecycle policy pages for Windows 10, revealing that support for their last release of Windows 10 will be October 14, On June 24, , Windows 11 was announced as the successor to Windows 10 during a livestream.

The new operating system was designed to be more user-friendly and understandable. It was released on October 5, In July , Microsoft announced it will start selling subscriptions to virtualized Windows desktops as part of a new Windows service in the following month.

It is not a standalone version of Windows, but a web service that provides access to Windows 10 and Windows 11 built on top of Azure Virtual Desktop. The new service will allow for cross-platform usage , aiming to make the operating system available for both Apple and Android users.

The subscription service will be accessible through any operating system with a web browser. The new service is an attempt at capitalizing on the growing trend, fostered during the COVID pandemic , for businesses to adopt a hybrid remote work environment, in which “employees split their time between the office and home”.

As the service will be accessible through web browsers, Microsoft will be able to bypass the need to publish the service through Google Play or the Apple App Store.

Microsoft announced Windows availability to business and enterprise customers on August 2, Multilingual support has been built into Windows since Windows 3. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel.

Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors , are automatically installed during Windows installation in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel. Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs. Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows.

Language Interface Packs LIPs are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft’s Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows XP or later — they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language the language which Windows originally shipped with.

This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8. They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service except Windows 8.

The interface language of installed applications is not affected by changes in the Windows interface language. The availability of languages depends on the application developers themselves. Windows 8 and Windows Server introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location.

The PC Settings app in Windows 8.

E-Book (deutsch E-Buch; englisch e-book, ebook) steht für ein elektronisches Buch (englisch electronic book) und bezeichnet Werke in elektronischer Buchform, die auf E-Book-Readern oder mit spezieller Software auf PCs, Tabletcomputern oder Smartphones gelesen werden können. Mit der Verbreitung von E-Book-Readern werden E-Books zunehmend in einem Format . Windows is a group of several proprietary graphical operating system families developed and marketed by replace.me family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry. Active Windows families include Windows NT and Windows IoT; these may encompass subfamilies, (e.g. Windows Server or Windows Embedded Compact) (Windows CE).Defunct Windows . Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage (cloud storage) and computing power, without direct active management by the user. Large clouds often have functions distributed over multiple locations, each location being a data replace.me computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve coherence and typically . Microsoft Office, or simply Office, is a family of client software, server software, and services developed by replace.me was first announced by Bill Gates on August 1, , at COMDEX in Las replace.melly a marketing term for an office suite (bundled set of productivity applications), the first version of Office contained Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, and Microsoft . Nov 30,  · In my intern at Kaz Software I have used the following tools in my daily works. Visual Studio & SQL Server SQL Server Management Studio Technology replace.me replace.me is a web application framework developed by Microsoft. replace.me is a successor of Microsoft’s ASP technology.

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Thanks for that. And thanks for reading Autoblog. We notice you’re using an ad blocker. It is the first version to use new, more colorful icons. Office introduces three new programs to the Office product lineup: InfoPath , a program for designing, filling, and submitting electronic structured data forms; OneNote , a note-taking program for creating and organizing diagrams, graphics, handwritten notes, recorded audio, and text; and the Picture Manager graphics software which can open, manage, and share digital images.

SharePoint , a web collaboration platform codenamed as Office Server, has integration and compatibility with Office and so on. Office ‘s new features include a new graphical user interface called the Fluent User Interface, [] replacing the menus and toolbars that have been the cornerstone of Office since its inception with a tabbed toolbar , known as the Ribbon ; new XML-based file formats called Office Open XML; and the inclusion of Groove , a collaborative software application.

Office Communicator , an instant messaging and videotelephony application, was renamed into Lync This is the first version to ship in bit and bit variants. Microsoft Office featured a new logo, which resembled the logo, except in gold, and with a modification in shape.

A technical preview of Microsoft Office Build Microsoft Outlook has received the most pronounced changes so far; for example, the Metro interface provides a new visualization for scheduled tasks.

PowerPoint includes more templates and transition effects, and OneNote includes a new splash screen. On May 16, , new images of Office 15 were revealed, showing Excel with a tool for filtering data in a timeline, the ability to convert Roman numerals to Arabic numerals, and the integration of advanced trigonometric functions.

In Word, the capability of inserting video and audio online as well as the broadcasting of documents on the Web were implemented. On January 22, , the Microsoft Office blog announced that the next version of the suite for Windows desktop, Office , was in development.

On May 4, , a public preview of Microsoft Office was released. Users who had the Professional Plus subscription have the new Skype for Business app. Microsoft Teams , a team collaboration program meant to rival Slack , was released as a separate product for business and enterprise users. On September 26, , Microsoft announced that the next version of the suite for Windows desktop, Office , was in development.

On February 18, , Microsoft announced that the next version of the suite for Windows desktop, Office , was in development. Microsoft has noted that some features are added to Office for Mac before they appear in Windows versions, such as Office for Mac ‘s Office Project Gallery and PowerPoint Movie feature, which allows users to save presentations as QuickTime movies. Microsoft Office 1. Excel 4. Version 4. It introduced the Internet Explorer 4. It also was the first version to support QuickTime movies.

It required a PowerPC processor. This version introduced Entourage, an e-mail client that included information management tools such as a calendar, an address book, task lists and notes. X ended on January 9, , after the release of the final update, Microsoft Office for Mac was released on May 11, It is the final version of Office to be built exclusively for PowerPC and to officially support G3 processors, as its sequel lists a G4 , G5 , or Intel processor as a requirement.

This led Microsoft to extend support for Office from October 13, , to January 10, VBA functionality was reintroduced in Office , which is only compatible with Intel processors. Microsoft Office for Mac was released on January 15, It was the only Office for Mac suite to be compiled as a universal binary , being the first to feature native Intel support and the last to feature PowerPC support for G4 and G5 processors, although the suite is unofficially compatible with G3 processors.

Benchmarks suggested that compared to its predecessor, Office ran at similar speeds on Intel machines and slower speeds on PowerPC machines.

Nevertheless, five months after it was released, Microsoft said that Office was “selling faster than any previous version of Office for Mac in the past 19 years” and affirmed “its commitment to future products for the Mac.

Microsoft Office for Mac was released on October 26, ,. Microsoft OneNote for Mac was released on March 17, It marks the company’s first release of the note-taking software on the Mac. Microsoft Outlook for Mac debuted on October 31, It requires a paid Office subscription, meaning that traditional Office retail or volume licenses cannot activate this version of Outlook. On that day, Microsoft confirmed that it would release the next version of Office for Mac in late Despite dropping support for older versions of OS X and only keeping support for bit-only versions of OS X, these versions of OneNote and Outlook are bit applications like their predecessors.

A non—Office edition of Office was made available as a one-time purchase option on September 22, Support for markets and 33 languages was added gradually over several weeks. With steady updates throughout subsequent releases of Windows Mobile, Office Mobile was rebranded as its current name after the release of the Windows Mobile 5.

In June , Microsoft announced a new version of the office suite, Office Mobile It became available as “Office Mobile 6. However, “Office Mobile 6. It is a pre-installed feature in subsequent releases of Windows Mobile 6 devices. On August 12, , it was announced that Office Mobile would also be released for the Symbian platform as a joint agreement between Microsoft and Nokia.

In Windows Phone, users can access and edit documents directly off of their SkyDrive or Office accounts in a dedicated Office hub. The operating system also includes OneNote, although not as a part of the Office Hub.

Lync is not included, but can be downloaded as standalone app from the Windows Phone Store free of charge. In March , Microsoft released Office Lens , a scanner app that enhances photos. Photos are then attached to an Office document.

On March 27, , Microsoft launched Office for iPad , the first dedicated version of Office for tablet computers. In addition, Microsoft made the Android and iOS versions of Office Mobile free for ‘home use’ on phones, although the company still requires an Office subscription for using Office Mobile for business use. As part of this announcement, Microsoft also split up its single “Office suite” app on iPhones into separate, standalone apps for Word, Excel and PowerPoint, released a revamped version of Office Mobile for iPhone, added direct integration with Dropbox , and previewed future versions of Office for other platforms.

Office for Android tablets was released on January 29, , [] following a successful two-month preview period. Tablets with screen sizes larger than Optimized for smartphones and tablets, they are universal apps that can run on both Windows and Windows for phones, and share similar underlying code. A simplified version of Outlook was also added to the suite. They will be bundled with Windows 10 mobile devices , and available from the Windows Store for the PC version of Windows Smaller tablets and phones will have most editing features for free.

This app combines Word, Excel, and PowerPoint into a single app and introduces new capabilities as making quick notes, signing PDFs, scanning QR codes, and transferring files. On July 13, , Microsoft announced at its Worldwide Partners Conference in New Orleans that Microsoft Office reached its “Technical Preview” development milestone and features of Office Web Apps were demonstrated to the public for the first time.

Office beta testers were not given access to Office Web Apps at this date, and it was announced that it would be available for testers during August On October 22, , Microsoft announced the release of new features including co-authoring, performance improvements and touch support. On November 6, , Microsoft announced further new features including real-time co-authoring and an Auto-Save feature in Word replacing the save button.

However, with the impending launch of Windows 8 and its increased use of cloud services, Microsoft dropped the Windows Live brand to emphasize that these services would now be built directly into Windows and not merely be a “bolted on” add-on. Critics had criticized the Windows Live brand for having no clear vision, as it was being applied to an increasingly broad array of unrelated services. The product is now Office, and may be referred to as “Office for the web” or “Office in a browser”.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This is the latest accepted revision , reviewed on 9 August Suite of office software. List of languages. Microsoft Office for Mobile apps on Windows See also: List of Microsoft Office programs.

Main article: Microsoft Office password protection. Timeline of Microsoft Office for Windows. Office Office XP. Updated Spent standard support Remaining standard support Spent extended support Remaining extended support.

Timeline of Microsoft Office for Mac. Office for Mac Office for Mac. Office v. Office 98 Macintosh Edition. Old version. Older version, still maintained. Latest version. Latest preview version. Future release. Main article: History of Microsoft Office. Main article: Microsoft Office The Verge. Retrieved October 5, July 17, Archived from the original on November 7, Retrieved June 25, Archived from the original on February 15, Retrieved February 25, Google Play.

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CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on August 15, Retrieved August 28, Archived from the original on March 11, Retrieved June 8, Microsoft team.

February 19, Archived from the original on March 20, ReadWrite Enterprise. SAY Media. Archived from the original on 11 June Retrieved 21 January Office IT Pro Blog. Archived from the original on 25 February Retrieved 20 February Office Support.

Retrieved November 1, Archived from the original on February 8, Retrieved February 7, Archived from the original on October 31, Retrieved October 31, Office Web Apps blog. Archived from the original on 9 July Retrieved 4 July Archived from the original on 10 November Retrieved 10 November Office What’s free, what’s not, and what you really need”. Archived from the original on July 24, Retrieved July 16, Archived from the original on August 4, Archived from the original on August 26, Retrieved August 24, Inside Windows Live.

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Archived from the original on April 1, Retrieved January 17, Pro Excel VBA. Berkeley, California: Apress. ISBN MSDN Library. Archived from the original on January 19, Retrieved February 2, Free Software Foundation.

Archived from the original on December 3, And some workarounds “. Joel on Software. Archived from the original on October 14, Retrieved April 21, Brian Jones: Office Solutions. Archived from the original on April 27, Archived from the original on October 23, February 1, Archived from the original on October 10, Download Center. January 6, Archived from the original on April 29, Retrieved April 17, The Register. July 8, Business Insider.

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April 5, Archived from the original on October 24, Microsoft Office Support. Retrieved February 6, Hary eigene Romane auf Disketten, die er als “Discomane” anbot. Die Idee hierzu entstand bereits im Jahr zuvor und umfasste auch den Aspekt des elektronischen Austauschs von Nachrichten und Kommentaren. In einem Brief vom Das ist zwar unter finanziellen Gesichtspunkten — zurzeit — ein Flop und unter technischen wegen des Postmonopols entsetzlich limitiert, aber es ist dennoch das eigentlich Begeisternde.

Sie rationalisierten Logistik und Bestellwesen radikal und erreichten damit in kurzer Zeit eine marktbeherrschende Stellung. Dadurch bescherten sie dem gedruckten Buch nie gekannte Auflagen. In den folgenden Jahren blieben E-Books wirtschaftlich ein Nischenmarkt. Parallel dazu etablierte sich das Untergrundforum eBookz, welches bis existierte. Daher werden vor allem Fachwerke in elektronischer Buchform verkauft. Jeden Monat kommen auf diese Weise etwa neue Titel auf den deutschen Buchmarkt.

Sie kosteten zwischen 1,99 und 25 Euro; durchschnittlich 10,26 Euro. Autoren die bei solchen Verlagen oder auch im Selbstverlag publizieren werden Indie-Autoren genannt.

Das Landgericht Bielefeld verneinte das Recht auf den Weiterverkauf. E-Books verkauft. Bei den Im deutschsprachigen Raum gibt es zahlreiche E-Book-Anbieter.

Streaming-Medien und bieten dieses Recht wiederum ihren berechtigten Nutzern an. Es gibt eine Reihe von Anbietern, die Werke , deren Urheberrecht abgelaufen ist, kostenlos zum Herunterladen anbieten.

E-Book (deutsch E-Buch; englisch e-book, ebook) steht für ein elektronisches Buch (englisch electronic book) und bezeichnet Werke in elektronischer Buchform, die auf E-Book-Readern oder mit spezieller Software auf PCs, Tabletcomputern oder Smartphones gelesen werden können. Mit der Verbreitung von E-Book-Readern werden E-Books zunehmend in einem Format . Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational technology corporation which produces computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and related services headquartered at the Microsoft Redmond campus located in Redmond, Washington, United replace.me best-known software products are the Windows line of operating systems, the . Master Microsoft Project and Excel in this Mega Bundle; Master Microsoft Project – Beginner to Expert; Microsoft Project For Beginners: Master the Essentials Learn Microsoft Visio the Easy Way; I’m now confident when I say “I know excel”. Of course, I’m no professional, but I know much more. Jessica Martinez. Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage (cloud storage) and computing power, without direct active management by the user. Large clouds often have functions distributed over multiple locations, each location being a data replace.me computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve coherence and typically .

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Motivation factors are important for high productivity. Kaz provides several facilities for the employees. All the current and ex-employees are members of this Kaz family. Work is fun here. Employees consider the company to be their own responsibility.

Also, there is tea, coffee and snacks available all the time. Also, one of the balconies is equipped with indoor game tools like carom, dart etc. Employees are taken out of the country for anniversary of Kaz every year. I am sure these are only a small fraction of the facilities available at Kaz. In spite of being an intern, I received all these facilities and consider myself lucky. There is a hour break from pm for lunch and sports. Cultures that I have found in Kaz Software are discussed below: 2.

And it hires only the best [7]. It runs regular training and review sessions to keep employee on the top. And its culture of constructive criticism, learning and sharing expands our horizons and keeps employee level headed.

Kazians are very careful to maintain a culture that helps attract talented people and helps them achieve their best performance [7]. This culture starts from work place structure to operating principles of the development teams.

From color selection to furniture orientation Kazians have been very careful to create an environment that actively enhances the knowledge exchange and collaborative nature of our work. Kazians are always obsessed with something [7].

People outside of Kaz point these out as signs of our insanity. But Kaz proud of them. Every year in May it has Kaz premier league KPL game and every one goes crazy preparing for the games or buying players or betting on outcomes.

There are huge parties on the final day. This is Crazy but great fun. From color selection to furniture orientation it has been very careful to create an environment that actively enhances the knowledge exchange and collaborative nature of work.

They also run various training programs for them to teach them skills that they can use. Figure 5: Helping the Community Being intern, I was not treated as fresher, so I did not have to give a treat to all.

This is the Anniversary Trip of Kaz. Figure 6: Trip to Bangkok My Project Involvement It is maintained by Kaz content team who keep the database up-to-dated.

So, the QA team was very active and bugs were being reported. I was assigned to fix some of the given bugs. My involvement was about 2 weeks, after that the project was completed and deployed.

Rayhanul Islam BIT for the project. He gave me instructions so that I could understand the project in short time and also assigned me the bugs to be fixed. Without his helpful mentoring, I could not be involved with the project successfully.

He gave me a list of technologies and I learned them. So this kind use case were failing test and needed to be fixed. So all this paths needed to be considered for the fix. The publisher had a functionality which identified specific keywords in the inputted text in the editor and converting the matched text words to link. There was a bug while finding and converting the matches. Some of the matches could not be matched because of html and text view difference. There were similar issues.

So this bug was assigned to me. I identified the critical cases and used regex to fix them. Bug solving is the best way which provides me the opportunity to familiar with more tools and more Technologies due to spontaneous switching from one project to another. As a result I learn more things from bug solving. And this project was almost a complete project which I needed to understand in a short time all by myself.

As I was assigned to fix bugs, I needed to have clear knowledge of the operations inside so that I could figure out the wrong logic there and correct it. It was a real challenge for me. However I am sharing the technologies I have been working on here.

It has 3 sub-parts and each part is being developed in parallel. I have been involved in all 3parts and realized how large an industry web application can be. He is an experienced senior software engineer and I have learned many things from him.

From designing software architecture to using software tools effectively, he has taught me everything. I consider myself very lucky to get such a mentor and supervisor.

As this is a huge project, most of my team members have been working on it. Till now, 5 of my team members have been involved with it and I have assisted 4 of them. I can happily say that many of the features have been developed by me in the supervision of my supervisor. I have also been involved in bug fixing. I have learned many things while working on it and at the same time faced many challenges. The main challenge was to understand the concept and domain of the project. It was also a challenge to learn new technologies and apply them properly.

I would again like to thank my supervisor for helping me to overcome these challenges by his guidance. Professional Growth But the team I had been assigned works in windows platform. Therefore most of the things I learned are Microsoft and its sister technologies. In Bangladesh the culture of pirated culture has been very popular. Most of us are used to use pirated or limited versions of Microsoft software and technologies. Those are either virus affecter or provide limited features.

At Kaz, I have used most updated and registered versions of Microsoft software. In my intern at Kaz Software I have used the following tools in my daily works. NET is a web application framework developed by Microsoft. Java had been always my favorite. However, the truth about software engineers is: the best are not those who have mastered some technologies very well, best are those who can learn new technologies faster.

NET is the most notable technology I learned at Kaz. NET is a huge framework. There are many subsections of this framework. One single requirement can be fulfilled in many ways.

I have learned a few of them. NET framework. Entity framework comes with code-first approach which makes the database design really simple.

I did not try to dig deep in SQL Server because database is not my point of interest. But basic knowledge of database is essential for software developers; I have tried to learn as much I needed. NET and many other Microsoft technologies. VS is one of the most powerful IDEs ever built. I was provided by Microsoft Visual Studio I hope I have made good use of it. After joining Kaz I learned to use some javascript frameworks.

This was really a great experience for me. Its goal is to augment web applications with model—view—controller MVC capability, in an effort to make both development and testing easier. The underlying principles are therefore: i. As I was new to the some technologies we were supposed to use, I always had a lot of questions. Therefore, I could clear my confusions while working with them and learned the technologies quickly. While working as pair, we used to work in a way, when my partner was typing I was assisting him, giving him ideas and checking for mistakes; when I was typing my partner was giving me instructions.

Here in Kaz, I learned that this is actually an agile programming technique known as Pair Programming.

One, the driver, types in code while the other, the observer or navigator , reviews each line of code as it is typed in. The two programmers switch roles frequently. Although pair programming is not suitable in all situations, I believe some situations are most perfect situation for paired programming which are recognized by my experienced team members. Pairs typically find more design alternatives than programmers working alone, and arrive at simpler, more-maintainable design; they also catch design defects early.

Pairs usually complete work faster than one programmer assigned to the same task. However, some other studies suggest that pair programming is not uniformly beneficial or effective because although it produces faster, the total programmer time in pair programming is usually higher than that of programming alone.

Kaz is an excellent place to learn professionalism. And when there is a team work, misunderstanding is very usual. This is true for Kaz too. However, I have never seen team leaders and project managers to bully people working under their supervision.

Personally, I have made a lot of mistakes last in five months. But my project manager had never been harsh with me. This practice is really effective to keep the work environment healthy. Blaming others for their mistakes does not solve the problem.

It only makes the situation and the relationship between coworkers worse. Everyone is assigned to a particular work and he does his work in his way. At time of scrum everyone shares their progress to others.

All the projects are done in this way. The team I have been assigned to has taught me the value of appreciation. Here, the members appreciate each other on their successful contribution to the company and also on their success in some other fields. As an intern these attract me very much and I always try to follow them to be a successful Software Engineer as well as a successful man. Time to time code is reviewed so that better quality software is developed.

I tried to maintain the standard of work from my side. At Kaz I have had practical experience of negotiation. We, the developers here, negotiate with our project manager quite often here. I also had such an experience and could create an win-win situation. Though those plans only included me, at least I can say that I am habituated with planning. And now being organized myself, I can say that I am ready to organize others. Researchers found that most of the data that the Microsoft software collects and “sends home” is diagnostics.

However, they discovered the software packages collected additional data that contained private user information, some of which was stored on servers located in the US. Covertly, without informing people”, researchers of the Privacy Company stated in their blog post.

The researchers commented that there is no need for Microsoft to store information such as IPs and email addresses, which are collected automatically by the software. As a result of this in-depth study and its conclusions, the Netherlands regulatory body concluded that Microsoft has violated GDPR “on many counts” including “lack of transparency and purpose limitation, and the lack of a legal ground for the processing. The Dutch regulatory body is monitoring the situation and states that “If progress is deemed insufficient or if the improvements offered are unsatisfactory, SLM Microsoft Rijk will reconsider its position and may ask the Data Protection Authority to carry out a prior consultation and to impose enforcement measures.

We appreciate the opportunity to discuss our diagnostic data handling practices in Office ProPlus with the Dutch Ministry of Justice and look forward to a successful resolution of any concerns.

Microsoft Office for Windows [] started in October as a bundle of three applications designed for Microsoft Windows 3. Microsoft Office for Windows 1. Version 1. Microsoft Office 3. Microsoft Office 4. Microsoft Office 95 was released on August 24, Software version numbers were altered again to create parity across the suite — every program was called version 7. Office for Windows 95 was designed as a fully bit version to match Windows 95 although some apps not bundled as part of the suite at that time – Publisher for Windows 95 and Project 95 had some bit components even though their main program executable was bit.

Office 95 was available in two versions, Office 95 Standard and Office 95 Professional. The standard version consisted of Word 7. The professional edition contained all of the items in the standard version plus Access 7.

The logo used in Office 95 returns in Office 97, and XP. Microsoft Office 98 Macintosh Edition also uses a similar logo. Microsoft Office 97 Office 8.

Office 97 also featured Natural Language Systems and grammar checking. Office 97 was the first version of Office to include the Office Assistant. In Brazil , it was also the first version to introduce the Registration Wizard, a precursor to Microsoft Product Activation. With this release, the accompanying apps, Project 98 and Publisher 98 also transitioned to fully bit versions. Exchange Server , a mail server and calendaring server developed by Microsoft , is the server for Outlook after discontinuing Exchange Client.

Microsoft Office Office 9. It also introduced a new security feature, built around digital signatures , to diminish the threat of macro viruses. The Microsoft Script Editor , an optional tool that can edit script code, was also introduced in Office Office also introduces PhotoDraw , a raster and vector imaging program, as well as Web Components , Visio , and Vizact.

The Registration Wizard, a precursor to Microsoft Product Activation , remained in Brazil and was also extended to Australia and New Zealand, though not for volume-licensed editions. Microsoft Office XP Office Office XP introduced the Safe Mode feature, which allows applications such as Outlook to boot when it might otherwise fail by bypassing a corrupted registry or a faulty add-in. Binder was replaced by Unbind, a program that can extract the contents of a Binder file. Office XP includes integrated voice command and text dictation capabilities, as well as handwriting recognition.

It was the first version to require Microsoft Product Activation worldwide and in all editions as an anti-piracy measure, which attracted widespread controversy. Microsoft Office Office It featured a new logo.

It is the first version to use new, more colorful icons. Office introduces three new programs to the Office product lineup: InfoPath , a program for designing, filling, and submitting electronic structured data forms; OneNote , a note-taking program for creating and organizing diagrams, graphics, handwritten notes, recorded audio, and text; and the Picture Manager graphics software which can open, manage, and share digital images.

SharePoint , a web collaboration platform codenamed as Office Server, has integration and compatibility with Office and so on. Office ‘s new features include a new graphical user interface called the Fluent User Interface, [] replacing the menus and toolbars that have been the cornerstone of Office since its inception with a tabbed toolbar , known as the Ribbon ; new XML-based file formats called Office Open XML; and the inclusion of Groove , a collaborative software application.

Office Communicator , an instant messaging and videotelephony application, was renamed into Lync This is the first version to ship in bit and bit variants.

Microsoft Office featured a new logo, which resembled the logo, except in gold, and with a modification in shape. A technical preview of Microsoft Office Build Microsoft Outlook has received the most pronounced changes so far; for example, the Metro interface provides a new visualization for scheduled tasks. PowerPoint includes more templates and transition effects, and OneNote includes a new splash screen. On May 16, , new images of Office 15 were revealed, showing Excel with a tool for filtering data in a timeline, the ability to convert Roman numerals to Arabic numerals, and the integration of advanced trigonometric functions.

In Word, the capability of inserting video and audio online as well as the broadcasting of documents on the Web were implemented. On January 22, , the Microsoft Office blog announced that the next version of the suite for Windows desktop, Office , was in development.

On May 4, , a public preview of Microsoft Office was released. Users who had the Professional Plus subscription have the new Skype for Business app. Microsoft Teams , a team collaboration program meant to rival Slack , was released as a separate product for business and enterprise users. On September 26, , Microsoft announced that the next version of the suite for Windows desktop, Office , was in development. On February 18, , Microsoft announced that the next version of the suite for Windows desktop, Office , was in development.

Microsoft has noted that some features are added to Office for Mac before they appear in Windows versions, such as Office for Mac ‘s Office Project Gallery and PowerPoint Movie feature, which allows users to save presentations as QuickTime movies. Microsoft Office 1. Excel 4. Version 4. It introduced the Internet Explorer 4. It also was the first version to support QuickTime movies.

It required a PowerPC processor. This version introduced Entourage, an e-mail client that included information management tools such as a calendar, an address book, task lists and notes. X ended on January 9, , after the release of the final update, Microsoft Office for Mac was released on May 11, It is the final version of Office to be built exclusively for PowerPC and to officially support G3 processors, as its sequel lists a G4 , G5 , or Intel processor as a requirement.

This led Microsoft to extend support for Office from October 13, , to January 10, VBA functionality was reintroduced in Office , which is only compatible with Intel processors. Microsoft Office for Mac was released on January 15, It was the only Office for Mac suite to be compiled as a universal binary , being the first to feature native Intel support and the last to feature PowerPC support for G4 and G5 processors, although the suite is unofficially compatible with G3 processors.

Benchmarks suggested that compared to its predecessor, Office ran at similar speeds on Intel machines and slower speeds on PowerPC machines.

Nevertheless, five months after it was released, Microsoft said that Office was “selling faster than any previous version of Office for Mac in the past 19 years” and affirmed “its commitment to future products for the Mac. Microsoft Office for Mac was released on October 26, ,.

Microsoft OneNote for Mac was released on March 17, It marks the company’s first release of the note-taking software on the Mac. Microsoft Outlook for Mac debuted on October 31, It requires a paid Office subscription, meaning that traditional Office retail or volume licenses cannot activate this version of Outlook. On that day, Microsoft confirmed that it would release the next version of Office for Mac in late Despite dropping support for older versions of OS X and only keeping support for bit-only versions of OS X, these versions of OneNote and Outlook are bit applications like their predecessors.

A non—Office edition of Office was made available as a one-time purchase option on September 22, Support for markets and 33 languages was added gradually over several weeks.

With steady updates throughout subsequent releases of Windows Mobile, Office Mobile was rebranded as its current name after the release of the Windows Mobile 5. In June , Microsoft announced a new version of the office suite, Office Mobile It became available as “Office Mobile 6. However, “Office Mobile 6. It is a pre-installed feature in subsequent releases of Windows Mobile 6 devices. On August 12, , it was announced that Office Mobile would also be released for the Symbian platform as a joint agreement between Microsoft and Nokia.

In Windows Phone, users can access and edit documents directly off of their SkyDrive or Office accounts in a dedicated Office hub. The operating system also includes OneNote, although not as a part of the Office Hub. Lync is not included, but can be downloaded as standalone app from the Windows Phone Store free of charge.

In March , Microsoft released Office Lens , a scanner app that enhances photos. Photos are then attached to an Office document.

On March 27, , Microsoft launched Office for iPad , the first dedicated version of Office for tablet computers.

In addition, Microsoft made the Android and iOS versions of Office Mobile free for ‘home use’ on phones, although the company still requires an Office subscription for using Office Mobile for business use. As part of this announcement, Microsoft also split up its single “Office suite” app on iPhones into separate, standalone apps for Word, Excel and PowerPoint, released a revamped version of Office Mobile for iPhone, added direct integration with Dropbox , and previewed future versions of Office for other platforms.

Office for Android tablets was released on January 29, , [] following a successful two-month preview period. Tablets with screen sizes larger than Optimized for smartphones and tablets, they are universal apps that can run on both Windows and Windows for phones, and share similar underlying code.

A simplified version of Outlook was also added to the suite. They will be bundled with Windows 10 mobile devices , and available from the Windows Store for the PC version of Windows Smaller tablets and phones will have most editing features for free. This app combines Word, Excel, and PowerPoint into a single app and introduces new capabilities as making quick notes, signing PDFs, scanning QR codes, and transferring files. On July 13, , Microsoft announced at its Worldwide Partners Conference in New Orleans that Microsoft Office reached its “Technical Preview” development milestone and features of Office Web Apps were demonstrated to the public for the first time.

Office beta testers were not given access to Office Web Apps at this date, and it was announced that it would be available for testers during August On October 22, , Microsoft announced the release of new features including co-authoring, performance improvements and touch support.

On November 6, , Microsoft announced further new features including real-time co-authoring and an Auto-Save feature in Word replacing the save button.

However, with the impending launch of Windows 8 and its increased use of cloud services, Microsoft dropped the Windows Live brand to emphasize that these services would now be built directly into Windows and not merely be a “bolted on” add-on.

Critics had criticized the Windows Live brand for having no clear vision, as it was being applied to an increasingly broad array of unrelated services. The product is now Office, and may be referred to as “Office for the web” or “Office in a browser”.

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Microsoft Edge Addons. Archived from the original on April 1, Retrieved January 17, Pro Excel VBA. Individual course purchase include lifetime access. No time-consuming class schedules. These courses were designed to help you master software without boring books or boring classroom lectures. Newer courses includes exercise files. Follow along with your instructor and practice what you learned. Take StreamSkill. You decide when, where and what to learn.

I have learned excel before, and I sincerely learned more this time around. Of course, I’m no professional, but I know much more. Stream Skill has trained me how to use Microsoft Project to create and manage my own projects in just 2 days. Exactly the training I was looking for! Its been an amazing experience would recommend to anyone who wishes to get onboard with Microsoft Project. I would also advise that some primary knowledge of project management will make the course a lot easier to grasp.

The lecturer is experienced and knowledgeable in project management, and as a result, his explanations are very good. I enjoyed the course and will recommend it to my friends. I enrolled in Stream Skill to use the Microsoft Excel for beginners course. I enjoyed every bit of the course and easy to understand and the pattern of teaching was top-notch. I will recommend this course to others including my colleagues.

Have your academic paper written by a professional. Have your academic paper written by a professional +1() Course Help Online. We offer free revision as long as the client does not change the instructions that had been previously given. In case a client want to alter the instructions, revision can be done but at a negotiated. Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational technology corporation which produces computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and related services headquartered at the Microsoft Redmond campus located in Redmond, Washington, United replace.me best-known software products are the Windows line of operating systems, the . Plagiarism-free papers. To ensure that all the papers we send to our clients are plagiarism free, they are all passed through a plagiarism detecting software. Our professional writers are experienced in all formatting styles such as APA, MLA, Chicago, Turabian, and others. This means you can get your essay written well in any of the. Here’s how to disable adblocking on our site. Click on the icon for your Adblocker in your browser. A drop down menu will appear. Select the option to run ads for replace.me, by clicking either. Windows is a group of several proprietary graphical operating system families developed and marketed by replace.me family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry. Active Windows families include Windows NT and Windows IoT; these may encompass subfamilies, (e.g. Windows Server or Windows Embedded Compact) (Windows CE).Defunct Windows .

 
 

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If you’d be so kind as to allow our site, we promise to keep bringing you great content. Thanks for that. And thanks for reading Autoblog. We notice you’re using an ad blocker. Please consider allowing Autoblog. Stream Skill makes software simple to learn through online video, practice exercises, and projects. Learn MS Office inside and out — the most convenient way to boost your confidence quickly with no travel or classes.

Learn to use Microsoft Project and ensure your next project is successful! Get 19 hours of training. Stream Skill authors have years of online teaching experience. We use professional-grade microphones and record in High Definition so you can always hear and see what’s going on. To properly learn, you need to do more than passively watch. That’s why Stream Skill courses include exercises and projects for a fully immersed experience.

You get a certificate of completion with every Stream Skill course, and many also include a test certificate to prove your competence.

All these are included in the price of your course or membership. Individual course purchase include lifetime access. No time-consuming class schedules. These courses were designed to help you master software without boring books or boring classroom lectures. Cloud providers typically bill IaaS services on a utility computing basis: cost reflects the number of resources allocated and consumed.

The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquired applications created using programming languages, libraries, services, and tools supported by the provider. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, or storage, but has control over the deployed applications and possibly configuration settings for the application-hosting environment.

PaaS vendors offer a development environment to application developers. The provider typically develops toolkit and standards for development and channels for distribution and payment. In the PaaS models, cloud providers deliver a computing platform , typically including an operating system, programming-language execution environment, database, and the web server.

Application developers develop and run their software on a cloud platform instead of directly buying and managing the underlying hardware and software layers. With some PaaS, the underlying computer and storage resources scale automatically to match application demand so that the cloud user does not have to allocate resources manually.

Some integration and data management providers also use specialized applications of PaaS as delivery models for data. The capability provided to the consumer is to use the provider’s applications running on a cloud infrastructure. The applications are accessible from various client devices through either a thin client interface, such as a web browser e.

The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, storage, or even individual application capabilities, with the possible exception of limited user-specific application configuration settings. In the software as a service SaaS model, users gain access to application software and databases. Cloud providers manage the infrastructure and platforms that run the applications.

SaaS is sometimes referred to as “on-demand software” and is usually priced on a pay-per-use basis or using a subscription fee. Cloud users do not manage the cloud infrastructure and platform where the application runs. This eliminates the need to install and run the application on the cloud user’s own computers, which simplifies maintenance and support.

Cloud applications differ from other applications in their scalability—which can be achieved by cloning tasks onto multiple virtual machines at run-time to meet changing work demand. This process is transparent to the cloud user, who sees only a single access-point. To accommodate a large number of cloud users, cloud applications can be multitenant , meaning that any machine may serve more than one cloud-user organization.

The pricing model for SaaS applications is typically a monthly or yearly flat fee per user, [79] so prices become scalable and adjustable if users are added or removed at any point. It may also be free. In addition, with applications hosted centrally, updates can be released without the need for users to install new software. One drawback of SaaS comes with storing the users’ data on the cloud provider’s server. As a result, [ citation needed ] there could be unauthorized access to the data.

SaaS applications may be integrated with cloud storage or File hosting services , which is the case with Google Docs being integrated with Google Drive and Word Online being integrated with Onedrive. In the mobile “backend” as a service m model, also known as backend as a service BaaS , web app and mobile app developers are provided with a way to link their applications to cloud storage and cloud computing services with application programming interfaces APIs exposed to their applications and custom software development kits SDKs.

Services include user management, push notifications , integration with social networking services [82] and more. This is a relatively recent model in cloud computing, [83] with most BaaS startups dating from or later [84] [85] [86] but trends indicate that these services are gaining significant mainstream traction with enterprise consumers.

Serverless computing is a cloud computing code execution model in which the cloud provider fully manages starting and stopping virtual machines as necessary to serve requests, and requests are billed by an abstract measure of the resources required to satisfy the request, rather than per virtual machine, per hour.

Function as a service FaaS is a service-hosted remote procedure call that leverages serverless computing to enable the deployment of individual functions in the cloud that run in response to events.

Private cloud is cloud infrastructure operated solely for a single organization, whether managed internally or by a third party, and hosted either internally or externally. It can improve business, but every step in the project raises security issues that must be addressed to prevent serious vulnerabilities.

Self-run data centers [91] are generally capital intensive. They have a significant physical footprint, requiring allocations of space, hardware, and environmental controls. These assets have to be refreshed periodically, resulting in additional capital expenditures.

They have attracted criticism because users “still have to buy, build, and manage them” and thus do not benefit from less hands-on management, [92] essentially “[lacking] the economic model that makes cloud computing such an intriguing concept”. Cloud services are considered “public” when they are delivered over the public Internet, and they may be offered as a paid subscription, or free of charge. Most public-cloud providers offer direct-connection services that allow customers to securely link their legacy data centers to their cloud-resident applications.

Hybrid cloud is a composition of a public cloud and a private environment, such as a private cloud or on-premises resources, [98] [99] that remain distinct entities but are bound together, offering the benefits of multiple deployment models.

It allows one to extend either the capacity or the capability of a cloud service, by aggregation, integration or customization with another cloud service. Varied use cases for hybrid cloud composition exist.

For example, an organization may store sensitive client data in house on a private cloud application, but interconnect that application to a business intelligence application provided on a public cloud as a software service. Hybrid cloud adoption depends on a number of factors such as data security and compliance requirements, level of control needed over data, and the applications an organization uses. Another example of hybrid cloud is one where IT organizations use public cloud computing resources to meet temporary capacity needs that can not be met by the private cloud.

A primary advantage of cloud bursting and a hybrid cloud model is that an organization pays for extra compute resources only when they are needed. A cross-platform hybrid cloud is usually powered by different CPU architectures, for example, x and ARM, underneath. Users can transparently deploy and scale applications without knowledge of the cloud’s hardware diversity. Hybrid cloud infrastructure essentially serves to eliminate limitations inherent to the multi-access relay characteristics of private cloud networking.

The advantages include enhanced runtime flexibility and adaptive memory processing unique to virtualized interface models. Community cloud shares infrastructure between several organizations from a specific community with common concerns security, compliance, jurisdiction, etc. The costs are spread over fewer users than a public cloud but more than a private cloud , so only some of the cost savings potential of cloud computing are realized. A cloud computing platform can be assembled from a distributed set of machines in different locations, connected to a single network or hub service.

It is possible to distinguish between two types of distributed clouds: public-resource computing and volunteer cloud. Multicloud is the use of multiple cloud computing services in a single heterogeneous architecture to reduce reliance on single vendors, increase flexibility through choice, mitigate against disasters, etc.

It differs from hybrid cloud in that it refers to multiple cloud services, rather than multiple deployment modes public, private, legacy. Poly cloud refers to the use of multiple public clouds for the purpose of leveraging specific services that each provider offers.

It differs from Multi cloud in that it is not designed to increase flexibility or mitigate against failures but is rather used to allow an organization to achieve more that could be done with a single provider.

The issues of transferring large amounts of data to the cloud as well as data security once the data is in the cloud initially hampered adoption of cloud for big data , but now that much data originates in the cloud and with the advent of bare-metal servers , the cloud has become [] a solution for use cases including business analytics and geospatial analysis.

HPC cloud refers to the use of cloud computing services and infrastructure to execute high-performance computing HPC applications. Cloud architecture , [] the systems architecture of the software systems involved in the delivery of cloud computing, typically involves multiple cloud components communicating with each other over a loose coupling mechanism such as a messaging queue.

Elastic provision implies intelligence in the use of tight or loose coupling as applied to mechanisms such as these and others.

Cloud engineering is the application of engineering disciplines of cloud computing. It brings a systematic approach to the high-level concerns of commercialization, standardization and governance in conceiving, developing, operating and maintaining cloud computing systems. It is a multidisciplinary method encompassing contributions from diverse areas such as systems , software , web , performance , information technology engineering , security , platform , risk , and quality engineering.

Cloud computing poses privacy concerns because the service provider can access the data that is in the cloud at any time. It could accidentally or deliberately alter or delete information. That is permitted in their privacy policies, which users must agree to before they start using cloud services. Solutions to privacy include policy and legislation as well as end-users’ choices for how data is stored. These systems distinguish between authorized and unauthorized users and determine the amount of data that is accessible to each entity.

Together, these form shared technology vulnerabilities. In a cloud provider platform being shared by different users, there may be a possibility that information belonging to different customers resides on the same data server.

Additionally, Eugene Schultz , chief technology officer at Emagined Security, said that hackers are spending substantial time and effort looking for ways to penetrate the cloud.

Because data from hundreds or thousands of companies can be stored on large cloud servers, hackers can theoretically gain control of huge stores of information through a single attack—a process he called “hyperjacking”. Main article: Xbox system software. Table of Windows versions. Old version. Older version, still maintained. Latest version. Latest preview version. Future release. Windows timeline: Bar chart.

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Category Commons. Parallel computing. Process Thread Fiber Instruction window Array data structure. Multiprocessing Memory coherence Cache coherence Cache invalidation Barrier Synchronization Application checkpointing.

Stream processing Dataflow programming Models Implicit parallelism Explicit parallelism Concurrency Non-blocking algorithm. Automatic parallelization Deadlock Deterministic algorithm Embarrassingly parallel Parallel slowdown Race condition Software lockout Scalability Starvation. Category: Parallel computing. Authority control. Refresh the Autoblog page you were viewing. Hey again! You still haven’t turned off your adblocker or allowed our site. It only takes a few seconds. You must be logged in to perform that action.

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Dabei werden allerdings auch die Inhalte proportional verkleinert, wodurch diese oft nicht mehr lesbar sind. Bereits seit gibt es das nicht kommerzielle Project Gutenberg , welches sich zum Ziel gesetzt hat, Literatur in elektronischer Form kostenlos anzubieten.

Hary eigene Romane auf Disketten, die er als “Discomane” anbot. Die Idee hierzu entstand bereits im Jahr zuvor und umfasste auch den Aspekt des elektronischen Austauschs von Nachrichten und Kommentaren. In einem Brief vom Das ist zwar unter finanziellen Gesichtspunkten — zurzeit — ein Flop und unter technischen wegen des Postmonopols entsetzlich limitiert, aber es ist dennoch das eigentlich Begeisternde.

Sie rationalisierten Logistik und Bestellwesen radikal und erreichten damit in kurzer Zeit eine marktbeherrschende Stellung. Dadurch bescherten sie dem gedruckten Buch nie gekannte Auflagen.

In den folgenden Jahren blieben E-Books wirtschaftlich ein Nischenmarkt. Parallel dazu etablierte sich das Untergrundforum eBookz, welches bis existierte. Daher werden vor allem Fachwerke in elektronischer Buchform verkauft.

Jeden Monat kommen auf diese Weise etwa neue Titel auf den deutschen Buchmarkt. Sie kosteten zwischen 1,99 und 25 Euro; durchschnittlich 10,26 Euro. Autoren die bei solchen Verlagen oder auch im Selbstverlag publizieren werden Indie-Autoren genannt. Das Landgericht Bielefeld verneinte das Recht auf den Weiterverkauf. E-Books verkauft. Bei den Im deutschsprachigen Raum gibt es zahlreiche E-Book-Anbieter.

Streaming-Medien und bieten dieses Recht wiederum ihren berechtigten Nutzern an. Es gibt eine Reihe von Anbietern, die Werke , deren Urheberrecht abgelaufen ist, kostenlos zum Herunterladen anbieten. Das wurde u. Jahrhundert verkleinert werden. Bis zum Ende der Projektlaufzeit im Jahr sollen mindestens Die bisher notwendigen Zwischenstufen Verlag und Buchhandel entfallen. Dieses kann mit einer externen Lichtquelle gelesen werden; viele E-Book-Reader haben dennoch eine zuschaltbare Hintergrundbeleuchtung.

PCs, Notebooks, Tablet-Computer und Smartphones sind zwar universell einsetzbar und besitzen ein Farbdisplay, doch ist die Nutzungsdauer ohne externe Stromquelle v. Bitte hilf Wikipedia, das zu verbessern. Mehr zum Thema ist hier zu finden. Speichermedium E-Book-Reader. Dieser Artikel oder nachfolgende Abschnitt ist nicht hinreichend mit Belegen beispielsweise Einzelnachweisen ausgestattet.

Dieser Artikel oder Absatz stellt die Situation in Deutschland dar. Hilf mit , die Situation in anderen Staaten zu schildern. Teile dieses Artikels scheinen seit nicht mehr aktuell zu sein. Mehr zum Thema ist hier zu finden z. Januar Februar Dezember In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. August , S. In: www. Abgerufen am Oktober In: Der Spiegel. Nummer 27, , S. Auf: Heise-Online. Abgerufen am 6.

April englisch. April Wall Street Journal , 9. Juni FAZ , November August Kategorien : E-Book Digitale Medien. Ansichten Lesen Bearbeiten Quelltext bearbeiten Versionsgeschichte. Bonnier Media Deutschland arsEdition , Carlsen.

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Archived from the original on August 25, The projects that the author worked in certainly helped her by increasing her practical knowledge depth. The research and development projects were particularly helpful in widening her views regarding different web application development frameworks. Keeping the coding apart, there were also a few more challenges.

Some of them were technical and some were non-technical. Coming almost at the end of her internship, the author discovered that, some of her communicative and management skills have been improved to a great extent. Besides there were some vital lessons which will obviously help her in her future jobs.

After the internship, the author is more confident, more skilled and more professional than she was before. My Project Involvement Professional Growth Introduction Institute of Information Technology IIT provides that glorious opportunity to their students of having an internship within their bachelor program. IIT always emphasize on industry orientation in academic study. For these purpose industry people are invited to IIT to talk about their companies and experiences, often some technical courses are entirely conducted by them.

The six month internship program is another, possibly most effective, way of achieving industry orientation. Internship helps the students to link-up their academic experience with industry practices. I have tried my best to combine the both together.

I hope I am successful, the future semesters of my degree will prove the fact of success and failure. The company I was sent for internship is Kaz Software limited. It is one of the leading software companies in Bangladesh. The report is intended to reflect my achievements, project involvements and professional growth during the intern period. As well as it also provides a brief description of Kaz Software for students who are interested about Kaz for their professional growth.

It started as a start-up software outsourcing company in and it became a limited company in and have been growing every year. It finds technical solutions for the clients.

Typically this would mean it builds software products for the clients, but sometime it would be doing something completely different like researching business data or setting up their firewall. It has a group of designers, engineers and content specialists. Together they form one of the leading custom software companies in Bangladesh for software development outsourcing. It offers software and content management services to international customers across multiple industries.

It understands the challenges that its customers face within and across these industries. It provides practical, pragmatic and powerful solutions to address those challenges.

Getting software out to its users is the single goal that drives Kaz. Design, development, content, testing, deployment and anything in between those clearly defined roles – Kaz cover it all. Figure 1: Logo of Kaz Software Limited Undoubtedly, Information Technology IT is the key to manage technology and it spans wide variety of areas that include but are not limited to things such as computer software, information systems, programming languages, database management systems, networking etc.

Keeping these in minds Kaz Software provides an impressive tally of services and solutions. Kaz Software provides the following services that are described below: 2. It works through the early stages of a project with its clients.

Starting with brainstorming ideas to shape a vision, it helps the clients with mockups, demos and presentation to express their ideas. When they are ready to make that vision a reality Kazians work out the details – drawing and re- drawing ideas into real software interfaces. Kazians can produce each and every element of the graphical interface or can collaborate with external design teams to bring disparate elements together to tell a single story. But interaction design is Kazians passion.

It is one place Kazians never compromise. There is only one option for software interfaces: simple. Over the years we have become very good at this art of making the complex simple. Kazians have worked with many technology platforms and have collaborated with many teams over these years. Its clients get a team of their own — it is as simple as that. There is no red tape — the team adapts to the working process of the client and are there as one of their own. Its integrated quality assurance approach incorporates all aspects of agile and lean development with the stability and reliability of traditional SQA process [5].

It believes software quality assurance is only possible with a mixed set of procedures which should involve all members of the team collaborating with a dedicated SQA professionals. This helps Kaz to provide unique resources bringing in skills, experience and ideas from very different sectors. It understands this need and helps the customers building up their content. Its research teams have researched, compiled and maintained content in diverse fields and for a variety of applications.

The research team is supported by data specialists who leverage technology to optimize data gathering and ensure that the data is stored and managed efficiently. The data team is also key for services for sifting, extracting and adapting data from various sources and making that usable for the software teams to show within the product.

So the employees work in a domestic environment in Kaz. They have a large balcony in each floor which is used for the refreshment of the employees.

Number of employees in each room depends on the size of the room. Since the beginning, Kaz has grown in number of resources and production every year. Kaz doesn’t hire developers, designers or QA engineers; Kaz hires people who solve problems. And it hires only the best. Kaz runs regular training and review sessions to keep it on the top. And the culture of constructive criticism, learning and sharing expands Kaz horizons and keeps it level headed.

Kaz has worked with many technology platforms and has collaborated with many teams over these years. Clients get a team of their own — it is as simple as that. It does not specialize in particular technologies, but it has definitely proficient and experienced with a wide array of tools and systems.

Every product is unique and it tries to fit the right team with the right skills for that particular product. Its teams have worked on web applications, created desktop applications and built numerous mobile apps. Some of those are given below. Motivation factors are important for high productivity. Kaz provides several facilities for the employees. All the current and ex-employees are members of this Kaz family. Work is fun here. Employees consider the company to be their own responsibility.

Also, there is tea, coffee and snacks available all the time. Also, one of the balconies is equipped with indoor game tools like carom, dart etc. Employees are taken out of the country for anniversary of Kaz every year. I am sure these are only a small fraction of the facilities available at Kaz. In spite of being an intern, I received all these facilities and consider myself lucky. There is a hour break from pm for lunch and sports.

Cultures that I have found in Kaz Software are discussed below: 2. And it hires only the best [7]. It runs regular training and review sessions to keep employee on the top. And its culture of constructive criticism, learning and sharing expands our horizons and keeps employee level headed. Kazians are very careful to maintain a culture that helps attract talented people and helps them achieve their best performance [7]. This culture starts from work place structure to operating principles of the development teams.

From color selection to furniture orientation Kazians have been very careful to create an environment that actively enhances the knowledge exchange and collaborative nature of our work. Kazians are always obsessed with something [7]. People outside of Kaz point these out as signs of our insanity.

But Kaz proud of them. Every year in May it has Kaz premier league KPL game and every one goes crazy preparing for the games or buying players or betting on outcomes. There are huge parties on the final day. This is Crazy but great fun. From color selection to furniture orientation it has been very careful to create an environment that actively enhances the knowledge exchange and collaborative nature of work. They also run various training programs for them to teach them skills that they can use.

Figure 5: Helping the Community Being intern, I was not treated as fresher, so I did not have to give a treat to all. This is the Anniversary Trip of Kaz. Figure 6: Trip to Bangkok My Project Involvement It is maintained by Kaz content team who keep the database up-to-dated. So, the QA team was very active and bugs were being reported. I was assigned to fix some of the given bugs. My involvement was about 2 weeks, after that the project was completed and deployed.

Rayhanul Islam BIT for the project. He gave me instructions so that I could understand the project in short time and also assigned me the bugs to be fixed. Without his helpful mentoring, I could not be involved with the project successfully. He gave me a list of technologies and I learned them. So this kind use case were failing test and needed to be fixed.

So all this paths needed to be considered for the fix. The publisher had a functionality which identified specific keywords in the inputted text in the editor and converting the matched text words to link. There was a bug while finding and converting the matches. Some of the matches could not be matched because of html and text view difference. There were similar issues. So this bug was assigned to me. I identified the critical cases and used regex to fix them. Bug solving is the best way which provides me the opportunity to familiar with more tools and more Technologies due to spontaneous switching from one project to another.

As a result I learn more things from bug solving. And this project was almost a complete project which I needed to understand in a short time all by myself. As I was assigned to fix bugs, I needed to have clear knowledge of the operations inside so that I could figure out the wrong logic there and correct it. It was a real challenge for me. However I am sharing the technologies I have been working on here.

It has 3 sub-parts and each part is being developed in parallel. I have been involved in all 3parts and realized how large an industry web application can be. He is an experienced senior software engineer and I have learned many things from him. From designing software architecture to using software tools effectively, he has taught me everything. I consider myself very lucky to get such a mentor and supervisor.

As this is a huge project, most of my team members have been working on it. Till now, 5 of my team members have been involved with it and I have assisted 4 of them.

I can happily say that many of the features have been developed by me in the supervision of my supervisor. I have also been involved in bug fixing. I have learned many things while working on it and at the same time faced many challenges. The main challenge was to understand the concept and domain of the project.

It was also a challenge to learn new technologies and apply them properly. I would again like to thank my supervisor for helping me to overcome these challenges by his guidance. Professional Growth But the team I had been assigned works in windows platform. Therefore most of the things I learned are Microsoft and its sister technologies. In Bangladesh the culture of pirated culture has been very popular. Most of us are used to use pirated or limited versions of Microsoft software and technologies.

Those are either virus affecter or provide limited features. At Kaz, I have used most updated and registered versions of Microsoft software. In my intern at Kaz Software I have used the following tools in my daily works. NET is a web application framework developed by Microsoft. Java had been always my favorite. However, the truth about software engineers is: the best are not those who have mastered some technologies very well, best are those who can learn new technologies faster.

NET is the most notable technology I learned at Kaz. NET is a huge framework. There are many subsections of this framework. One single requirement can be fulfilled in many ways.

I have learned a few of them. NET framework. Entity framework comes with code-first approach which makes the database design really simple. I did not try to dig deep in SQL Server because database is not my point of interest. But basic knowledge of database is essential for software developers; I have tried to learn as much I needed.

NET and many other Microsoft technologies. VS is one of the most powerful IDEs ever built. I was provided by Microsoft Visual Studio I hope I have made good use of it. After joining Kaz I learned to use some javascript frameworks. This was really a great experience for me. Its goal is to augment web applications with model—view—controller MVC capability, in an effort to make both development and testing easier.

The underlying principles are therefore: i. As I was new to the some technologies we were supposed to use, I always had a lot of questions. Therefore, I could clear my confusions while working with them and learned the technologies quickly.

While working as pair, we used to work in a way, when my partner was typing I was assisting him, giving him ideas and checking for mistakes; when I was typing my partner was giving me instructions. Here in Kaz, I learned that this is actually an agile programming technique known as Pair Programming. One, the driver, types in code while the other, the observer or navigator , reviews each line of code as it is typed in.

The two programmers switch roles frequently. Although pair programming is not suitable in all situations, I believe some situations are most perfect situation for paired programming which are recognized by my experienced team members. Pairs typically find more design alternatives than programmers working alone, and arrive at simpler, more-maintainable design; they also catch design defects early.

Pairs usually complete work faster than one programmer assigned to the same task. However, some other studies suggest that pair programming is not uniformly beneficial or effective because although it produces faster, the total programmer time in pair programming is usually higher than that of programming alone.

Kaz is an excellent place to learn professionalism. And when there is a team work, misunderstanding is very usual. This is true for Kaz too. However, I have never seen team leaders and project managers to bully people working under their supervision.

Personally, I have made a lot of mistakes last in five months. But my project manager had never been harsh with me. This practice is really effective to keep the work environment healthy. Blaming others for their mistakes does not solve the problem. It only makes the situation and the relationship between coworkers worse. Everyone is assigned to a particular work and he does his work in his way.

At time of scrum everyone shares their progress to others. All the projects are done in this way. The team I have been assigned to has taught me the value of appreciation. Here, the members appreciate each other on their successful contribution to the company and also on their success in some other fields. As an intern these attract me very much and I always try to follow them to be a successful Software Engineer as well as a successful man.

Time to time code is reviewed so that better quality software is developed. I tried to maintain the standard of work from my side. At Kaz I have had practical experience of negotiation.

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